Gaseous-fuel mixer.



Patented Ja n. 22

Jam/s ran Mao mm! Y. v m U "UNITED sTA'rEs PATENT; OFFICE.

JULIUS VON WIIADKOWSKY, OF ,IEW YORK, N. Y., ASSIGNOB. T0 S.-P. VAPOBIZER 00.,

01' NEW YOBK, N. Y., A CORPORATION OF NEW YORK. I

GABEOUS-FUEL mxnn.

Application filed June 18, 1914. Serial No. 854,912.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, JULIUS VON-WLAD- KOWSKY a sub'ect of the Emperor of Austria, and a resi ent of the city of New York, borough of Manhattan, in the county and State of New York, have invented a new and Improved Gaseous-Fuel Mixer, of which the following is a full, clear, and exact description.

My invention relates to a device designed to prevent backfirin through the carburetor of an internal com ustion engine. ject of the invention is to improve the construction of a device of this character so it will be morereliable and efiioient in use, inexpensive to manufacture, and so designed that it can be readily applied as an attachment to carbureters already in use- Another object of the invention is to provide a mixer which by its novel construction has the additional functions of causing a better mixture of fuel and'air and reducing fuel consumption. I attain the above objects by means screening the mixing conduit of the engine, which screenin means are adapted to carry porous materia and which material will arrest liquid particles 'of fuel and vaporize the same and, therefore, greatly facilitate the evaporization of the fuel in the mixing conduit, which will necessarily facilitate the starting of the engine.

In the accompanying drawings one em bodiment of my invention is illustrated, and

similar. reference "characters are employed to designate corresponding parts in the several views in which 1 Figure 1 is a side view of a carburetor and engine manifold with portions broken away to show the anti-backfiring and fuelsaving attachment in position;

Fig. 2 is a lan viewof the attachment before the lea gasket is-die cast about it; Fig. 3 is-a section on line 8-3, Fig. 4;

Fi 4 is -a plan view of the attachment comp ete; and

F 1g. 5 is a fragmentary view of a modi= fied structure of the gasket before the same is connected to the screen.

Referring to the drawings, -5 "d'esi I ates a carbureter which is connected with. a

' the backfire is.

Specification of Letter: ratent. Patented Jan. 22, 1918.

portion of the bottom of which is depressed outwardly and forms a seat for porous materlal 10 which is maintained in place by the second or lower screen 9, which is a segment of a sphere and which engages the upper screen 8 with itsflconvex side, the lower screen 9 belng spaced from the bottom of the upper screen 8 by flanges 11 of the screen 8 The two screens, which are stamped. out by means of a die, are bound together b a suitable metallic ring 12, which is shaped in cross section. The so-bound screens form a container in which is positioned porous material and which container is then placed into a mold and a gasket 13 of any suitable metal is die cast about it. This gasket has, preferably, raised annular portions 14 adjacent the screens, as indicated in Fi 3 and 4,-which form a packing to effectively seal the joints between the carburetor and the manifold.

The anti-backfiring attachment is preferably so placed between the carburetor and manifold that the screen 8 engages the man-;

fold; and the diameter of the screen 8 is suchas to fit snugly .into the manifold. This provision makes the device self-center'- ing. The gasket 13, which is in the shape of a flange and forms the support for the screens, can also be formed by a different method, by casting the flange 13 in a suitable material with an annular flange 15 (shown vin F 5) perpendicular to the flange 1,3 and cut downwardly and parallelly to flange 13 after the screens are inserted there1n.- In case ofa backfire, the two superposed screens will positively prevent the passage of. the fia'mesbeyond the lower screen 9 no matter what the force of The .porous material 10, whlch is preferably mineral woolor ashes.

tos, or a mixture thereof with cotton, ill

absorb vapor or particles of liquid fuel passthrough the carburetor and the manij; 1 material which is necessary for effective op? "eration of the engine.

i of thegasket which is ter of the central absorbent spacer 10 is a fold and vaporize them, thereby increasing the' efliciency' of. the carburetor, and also diminish the consumption of fuel. Furthermore, this provision of the absorbing matter within the manifold minimizes the engine troubles, which are generally due to the fact that liquid fuelenters into the cylinder and the mixture is enriched unnecessaril at an inappropriate moment, reducing t e efliciency of the engine and causing an increase of e1 consumption.

From the foregoing description, taken in connection with the accompanying drawings, the advantage of the construction and method of operation of the device shown will bereadi y understood by those skilled in the art to which the invention pertains and wliileI have described the principle of operation, together with the device and method of makin the same, which I now consider to bethe best embodiment thereof, I desire to have it understood that the device shown is merely illustrative and that such changes may be made when desired as are within the scope of the appended claims.

The marg ns of the two screens are superimposed and held firmly in place against the I back-firing strains by the compressible metal gasket, and the absorbent ball centrally laced between the screens forms a spacer between the screen centers that keeps them spaced apart as is necessary for satisfactory practical-results.

' The ball or wad of porous or absorbent material performs the double function of "absorbing gaseous mixture and of holding the upper and under screens firmly s aced apart to resist the pressure of back ing, which would otherwise tend to, and often would in fact, force the upper screen down into direct contact with, or close enough to, the under screen to permit baokfiring. The cross-sectional area of the ball or wad 10, which is located between the central portions of the opposed and separated screens 8 and 9, is 'veryconsiderablyless than the area of the central. opening of the gasket, or in 'other words of the screens considered as; mere horizontal members, and by far the greater portionof the screen'area in their ying within the central opening of the gasket, is entirely unobstructed and permits the flo'w from the 'carbureter to the manifold of that large and constant volume of gaseous As viewed in plan in Fig. 4 the diameter of the central r-opening anned bv the screens is approximately 1% inc es,'. while the diameroxiinately a little. less than 5 of an inc e area of the central obstruction .at 10 to the flow of gaseous mixture is therefore very LBIMJOD ortions encircling the ball or wad 10 and much less than the unobstructed screened area around the obstruction at 10 and within the central opening of the gasket, and this isa very maternal and important matter for the practical operation of a device of this character when and if it is provided with a central spacer Suchas 10 for holding the screen sufiiciently separated to prevent ackfiring. Both screens 8 and 9 are concavoconvex with their concavities upward, forming an arching structure that also is highly resistant to the backfiring pressure when it occurs. v

The upper and under shoulders 14 of the asket encircling the central" screened openmg of the gasket also perform a double functlon. compressible metal or other suitable gasketformin material solidly and strongly to anchor t e superimposed margins 'of the screens 8 and 9 in place in the gasket, and they also permit the manifold flange 16 and car ureter flange 17 when they are drawn together by the bolts 18 through the flanges and through the bolt holes 19 in the oppositely-extending wings 20 of the gasket, to crush them down as shown in Fig. 1, whereby the metal in the shoulders conforms to surfaceinequalities of the flanges and produces a gas-tight joint which prevents es- It will be observed that the wings 20 which They afford a suflicient amount of V are diametrically op osite one another are thinner outwardly o the shoulders 14 than are the shoulders; and this construction of the gasket is ractically of very great importance fort e practical'operation of the device. The" wings with the bolt-holes through them are of a shape tobe received between the flanges of the bolt-holes or referably elongated in the direction 0 length of the wings, so that the attachment can be readily fitted between the flanges 16 and'17 and firmly clamped in place with the shoulders 14 crushed and deformed into a tight fitwith the inequalities of the contacting surfaces of the-flanges. At the same time the metal or material of the shoulders 14 is forcedmore firmly by the deformation upon the margins of the screens whereby the screens themselves are bodily much more effectively clamped in position to resist the very great force that sometimes occurs in backfi'ring, and that when only one screen is used frequently disrupts the screen with all the disastrous consequences attendant upon ba'ckfiring. Two screens are essential to prevention of backfiring, and more than two screens are unnecessary. but the two screens must be constructed and hel suflicient-ly far apart to withstand backfiring pressures.

:Themode of operation of this device in the res ect to vaporization appears to be as fol owe: The stream of gasolene coming from a nozzle in the carbureter strikes against the double screen, initially against the under screen, and fills the apertures of the screen mesh with exceedinglythin layto surface tension which produces a rapid volatilization of the gasolene. Gasolene will volatilize owing'to surface tension no mat ter how thick the layer of gasolene is; say for instance in an open vessel. But the surface tension and constant volatilization is in inverse roportion to the thickness of the la"er and t 'e thinner the layer the more ra id volatilization. As the air strikes these thin layers of gasolene which from the surface tension are in a continuous state of volatilization, the latter increases and a very intimate gaseous mixture of gasolene and air enters the cylinders where it is exploded. Without the device the gasolene in its liquid state in the form of spray is carried by the air into the cylinders in a quantity far in exa central opening and an annular seat at cess of that which is necessary to produce the explosive mixture, and thereby a lot of gasolene is unnecessarily wasted without taking an efiicient part in the explosion, and this waste results in carbonization;

Such is the explanatlon of the conslderable economy in gas shown by the applica-- tion of this device. The action of the cotton or absorbent ball seems to' consist in its being saturated with gasolene and thereby provlding at the device an atmosp ere saturated with gasolene vapor that acilitates startin and re-starting.

Having thus described my invention, I claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent:

1. A gaseous fuel mixer comprising a dish-shaped screen, a second screen forming a segment of a sphere associated with said first screen, said second screen engaging the dish-shaped screen with its convex part, porous material between the central parts of said screens, said dish-shaped screen having a central depressed portion forming a seat for the porous material, a ring connecting the two screens together, whereby the second screen maintains the porous material in its seat, and whereby said screens form a 'gauze container, and a support for said container engaging said ring, said support forming a gasket.

2. As an article of manufacture, a gauze fuel mixer comprising a gasket plate having the opening, a gauze container formed of two sections having marginal flanges, a ring positioned in the seat of the gasket plate and engaging the flanges of the sectionsof the container, and porous material in the central portion of the container adapted to leave an annular space about the porous material in the said container. v

3. The combination of a pair of screens the margins of which are superimposed with a compressible metallic gasket which holds the superimposed margins together; the screens being elsewhere spaced apart; and a spacer located centrally between the screens and held in place y the pressure of the screens on opposed portions of the spacer,'the spacer keeping the screens separated except at their said margins; said.

gasket having an opening spanned by the separated screens, the greater area of the screens being unobstructed around the central spacer and within the wall of the central. opening, the upper screen rising up- Wardly away from the under screen, and the slpacer serving to hold the screens separate 4. A structure as specified in claim 3, in

which the screens are severally concavoconvex and mounted with their convex walls upward. a

5. A structure as specified in claim 3, in

which the gasket wall inclosing the screened opening 0 the gasket is formed with de& formable gas-tight-joint-forming annular shoulders.-

6. A structure asspecified in claim 3, in which the gasket is formed with wings extending'away from the shoulders, the wings being thinner than the shoulders and sever ally provided with a bolt hole. 7. The combination of the flange of an internal-combustion engines intake-conduit and aflange of a carbureter delivery-conduit with an intermediate gasket having an opening connecting the conduits, and compressible annular shoulders on both its sides surrounding such opening, the shouldered portion of the gasket being thicker than the remaining portions of the gasket; a pair of screens anchored in such shouldered portion of the gasket; anda spacer separating the central portionsof the two screens. the

screens being elsewhere separated one from another; and clamping devices for deforming said shoulders and forming gas-tightjomts between the gasket and the flanges, and clamping the flanges and gasket firmly together. v

8. A gaseous fuel mixer comprising a dish-shaped screen; a second screen formin a segment of a sphere, associated with said first screen, said second screen engaging the dish-shaped screen with its margin; porous material between the central partsof said screens; and a gasket for said container, the upwardly pro ecting side of which is vertical and annular and rises a i away from the second screen whereby the dish-shaped screen andw the second screen i are spaced apart in the horizontal direction for effective resistance to backfiring and for 5 accommodation in the chamber of the container of the centrally located porous ma-' terial. v 

